It is large enough to have sheltered as many as 20,000 people together with their livestock and food stores.It is believed to have been built by the Phrygians, an ancient Indo-European people, around the VIII to VII centuries BCE. The city was later expanded by the Persians, Romans, and Christians, who used it as a refuge during times of war and persecution.Derinkuyu is one of the largest and most well-preserved underground cities in the world, extending to a depth of approximately 85 meters (280 feet) and covering an area of around 4 km² (1.5 mi²).
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