Let us take this time to define terrorism, we've tried in other threads and it always headed in the direction of the middle east.
This was the federal definition posted on page one, but let's put it aside and define it ourselves:
18 U.S.C. § 2332b defines the term "federal crime of terrorism" as an offense that:
- Is calculated to influence or affect the conduct of government by intimidation or coercion, or to retaliate against government conduct; and
- Is a violation of one of several listed statutes, including § 930(c) (relating to killing or attempted killing during an attack on a federal facility with a dangerous weapon); and § 1114 (relating to killing or attempted killing of officers and employees of the U.S.).
First, some examples I think we might all agree on:
9/11
Oklahoma City
Boston Marathon
Unabomber
WTC Bombing
Atlanta Bombing
Do we agree on those as a good baseline for definitive terrorism?
I'll go first. I think defining things strictly for purposes of emotion and fear is largely antithetical to finding solutions, but we logically group things to compare them and try to learn from them, so here goes:
The definition necessarily includes some form of "terror", so filling the streets with bubbles wouldn't fit the bill. But how do we define terror for this purpose? I think its just a stronger word for fear, so an act which is intended to strike fear. But I don't think it can be singularly, or else it would simply be some version of assault, so it needs to be to a large group of people. Even more specifically, probably against society in general, striking fear in everyone, but not necessarily each and every specific person, but society as a whole.
A riff on a classic Halloween scare tactic, putting a razor blade in an apple and handing it out to a kid might work to scare society, but probably not on that small of a scale, because people will think it just happens in that one location by that one bad guy. Last year, iirc, somebody put razor blades all over a kids' park in the Quad Cities, an absolutely terrible thing to do, but I don't think it strikes enough at society to fit the bill here. But systematically placing razor blades in candy that is widely delivered somehow, maybe hitting multiple locations and making multiple news stories? Sure, that is probably up there.
But is the act alone enough? I don't think so, there needs to be some sort of political purpose, even if we can't always figure out what it was. Maybe the candy-blader wanted to show the country that Americans indulge too much in commercial means, or something? I think that would fit. Also, I think it needs to be political, and not solely personal. By political, I don't mean D vs. R or even right wing vs left wing, but I mean in the actual "political" sense, relating to government or the public affairs of society ... or more simply, not personal, not some sort of vendetta. Taking a gun to school because a group of bullies beat you up doesn't fit, that is simply revenge. That can fit with a normal middle eastern jihadi "terrorist" as well, in the movie-sense, that he is exacting revenge on the country that killed his parents. I don't think that fits either, revenge =/= terrorism. But revenge can, and does, lead to a political view that can become terrorism. That same jihadi may blame an entire society for the acts and believe that the root of a culture (American infidels) needs to be destroyed, becoming textbook (since 9/11 terrorism).
Also, I think it needs to be an act causing serious harm, almost always to be death (or attempt thereof). Large-scale scare-tactics, even uber-political wouldn't count, imo, if its purpose was not to physically/emotionally harm. This becomes my thinnest line of reasoning, admittedly. Is the ending of Fight Club terrorism? Destroying the financial sector without causing anyone specifically physical harm? Probably, because it inflicts fear in multiple ways, including fear of financial ruin, fear that the government will collapse, can't protect you, etc. What about doing the same thing through hacking, no explosives? I don't think I'd cry terrorism on that.
Which leads me to my last point, and maybe the easiest. Foreign actor not sanctioned by foreign government. If the actor is that of a foreign nation, without sanctioning by that foreign nation, attacking the US for political purposes, it is easy to call it terrorism.
So:
Intentionally doing a seriously harmful act brought on by a political motivation which causes, and is intended to cause, widespread fear. Or something like that. I would have it be constrained extremely narrowly, largely because the person's acts can already be punished harshly under a myriad of state charges, even without devolving to screaming terrorism all the time.