If your employer is the owner/entrepreneur, they they've taken a far greater risk than anyone coming on as an employee, and they've also taken on a responsibility to enable those they hire to provide a living for themselves. If they happened to be successful enough to employ you, then that's excellent. You can ask for raises, and look for new employment while still employed if you become unhappy, but your employer does not have that luxury, because it's not so simple for them to go to their boss' office and quit one day, informing them they've taken another job. If you ask for more, and they want to keep you, and can afford it, you'll get more, if not, you won't. There's nothing wrong with that scenario, and the risk taken on by the owner/entrepreneur is far greater than any employee.
If your boss is just a manager denying you a raise to be a jerk, well then, that's a different discussion. Usually it isn't that simple. Employers are not generally out to screw over their employees, but they are out to make a profit. Still, "Equalling out the risk" isn't so cut and dried, and often times someone has taken a HUGE risk to put themselves in the position they're in at the top. They're also not going to be likely to allow you less accountability, when other people's livelihood, not just their own, relies on you performing your job well.
Just some thoughts from the other side of the equation.
True but that's a risk they took of their own free will and that risk has very little to do with their relationship with me. So the negotiations are still very unequal in terms of risk. The only way it could be equal is if the business and their source of income where to shut down if they left the job open too long. I've never heard of or seen a business that relies that much on a single employee. That's partially why collective bargaining helps level the playing field. . . It increases the risk on the company of failing to negotiate a deal. Replacing all of your employee's at once would be a big loss.
As for my company it's been handed down several generations and incorporated since the late 20's. So for my employer, biggest risk is he runs a business that is worth millions that he inherited ownership of (in terms of property etc) into the ground. Now he's been working here since he got out of college and he's competent at running the business, so I don't see that as likely. And don't get me wrong, he works harder at this then I do. (Also get's paid more, it's his business). But he hasn't taken a very big risk. I believe this business goes back to his great great great grandfather.
And I don't mean this to complain about my compensation or anything. I mean this as a defense of the act of collective bargaining as being a very capitalist thing to do and to point out that the typical arguments against collective bargaining of "find a different job or negotiate more money for yourself" are false. Unequal bargaining power basically deflates the wages everywhere. You basically have to take whatever turd sandwich they give you til you find someone that gives you one with a bit more mayo on it.
Also the risk that the entrepreneur takes is dependent upon how much money he has and how much he puts into the business. I'm not saying this is the same thing but if I win a 100 million dollars in the lottery and spend a million opening up a Zaxby's franchise where I live. . . I really didn't take that big of a risk, especially if I LLC or incorporate.
Corporations themselves while necessary also allow people to limit their personal risks.
So we already have a lot of ways that our system limits the risks of the employer. Crap if my employer runs the business into the ground, can't pay me but doesn't tell me that, I can't seek out his personal assets to compensate me for my work. I have no greater claim then any other person or company that he owes money to. So again I the employee take the risk if he's not able to pay.
Explain to me how that would be fair in terms of risk? Say I don't know anything about the status of the business because you know he's running it and 2 weeks later or so he comes to me and says . . . well we're not making any money and we're in debt up to our eyebrows so I'm shutting the place down and going chapter 11 and I'm retiring because I have the personal funds to do that. So I say ok, where is my paycheck for the last 2 weeks? And he says the company can't afford to pay you.
So I go to court and the court says you are right the corporation owes you the money, but the corporation has almost nothing and has tons of debts so you may be owed $1500 but you only get $15 because that's your share of the debts. So I've lost 2 weeks of work time and 2 weeks I could have been finding another source of income. This risks my home and my family. Meanwhile my employer goes home to his house and everything and if he has the personal funds to retire he does so... And because it was incorporated he's not on the hook to pay me anything out of his personal funds. He may do so anyways out of a sense of personal honor, but the law doesn't require him to do that stuff.
And if you are talking about a large publicly traded company you can forget the idea of someone paying you out of a sense of personal honor.
Even then employee takes all the risk employer takes very little. So the whole capitalist arguments fail here because our system already designed shields to eliminate personal risk to the employer.
In the case of my employer since he was handed down the company he could if he chose liquidate the company and retire now. He still eats 3 meals a day, sleeps in a warm bed etc and his family knows no poverty. I can't just quit without securing another source of income.
My point isn't about jealousy but it's about realizing the unequal power in the negotiation that keeps employee wages down. All of the real risk. . . the crap that means anything to anyone . . . our spouses and our children being able to eat and sleep in warm beds is born entirely by the employee.