Give us the list of all diagnostic tests run.
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According to
Dr. Matt Matava—president of the
NFL Physicians Society (NFLPS), Professor of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine at Washington University in St. Louis and head team physician for the Rams—the combine exam focuses on more than just knees and shoulders.
"We break down the medical evaluation into two distinct segments: internal medical examinations and orthopedic examinations," Matava explained. "During the internal medical exam, players are evaluated by team internists for cardiovascular, kidney, liver and pulmonary health. Part of this examination includes a battery of tests—such as blood work, EKGs and, for certain players, stress tests for their heart—in order to determine if there are any internal issues that might affect the player's ability to participate in the NFL."
An EKG—short for "electrocardiogram"—is a test that looks at the electrical activity within the heart. While automatic electrical impulses tightly regulate the heart rate under normal circumstances, abnormalities within the conduction system can sometimes predispose to life-threatening irregular heart beats, or "arrhythmias."
Stress tests, on the other hand, analyze the heart's function during exercise to tease out any underlying heart muscle oxygen supply problems that may only arise at high activity levels.
Internists will also ask about a player's known medical issues.
"If a player has a history of problems, such as (high blood pressure), sickle cell anemia, diabetes or asthma, those conditions will be noted," Matava continued. "We also make note of their current condition and any treatments they are receiving. Then, we make recommendations to the team regarding that player's ability to play at the NFL level with these medical issues."
Regrettably, numerous players will come into the combine on any given year with well-documented and widely-publicized injuries. For them, the process differs in a few respects.
"For players with a known injury concern, their medical history is obtained and recorded," Matava explained. "Team doctors review the player's medical history all the way back to grade school. For instance, if a player has a knee injury as part of their medical history, the doctors will do an examination to look at any current problems and view all past X-rays and MRIs. If necessary, they will order new imaging studies to further evaluate the nature of the knee at the present time."
Not Just Clinical Work
NFLPS physicians do not just evaluate and treat athletes. They are also academics, teachers and leaders in their respective fields of medicine.
"During the combine, the NFLPS has an academic dinner meeting where we present interesting cases and medical research involving NFL health and safety topics," Matava noted. "This purely academic event is my favorite part of the combine.
"We then have business meetings on Saturday. The first half of the meeting includes the athletic trainers—where we discuss issues applicable to both the athletic trainers and doctors. Then, we have a physicians meeting that addresses non-medical aspects of being an NFL physician—such as those relevant to malpractice coverage—that affect your ability to do the job."